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LM211, LM311 Single Comparators
The ability to operate from a single power supply of 5.0 V to 30 V or $15 V split supplies, as commonly used with operational amplifiers, makes the LM211/LM311 a truly versatile comparator. Moreover, the inputs of the device can be isolated from system ground while the output can drive loads referenced either to ground, the VCC or the VEE supply. This flexibility makes it possible to drive DTL, RTL, TTL, or MOS logic. The output can also switch voltages to 50 V at currents to 50 mA, therefore, the LM211/LM311 can be used to drive relays, lamps or solenoids.
3.0 k 5.0 k 5 2 VCC VCC RL 6 87 1 Inputs 2 Output 3 VEE + 4 8 7 1 RL Output 8 1 Single Supply SO-8 D SUFFIX CASE 751 1 x = 2 or 3 A = Assembly Location WL, L = Wafer Lot YY, Y = Year WW, W = Work Week 7 Output RL 8 1
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8 PDIP-8 N SUFFIX CASE 626 1 8 LMx11 ALYW LM311N AWL YYWW
+ -
Inputs
3
4 VEE Split Power Supply with Offset Balance
VCC 2 Inputs 3
VCC 7 Output 2 Inputs 3
+ -
4 VEE
8 1
+ -
4
8 1
RL
PIN CONNECTIONS
Gnd Inputs VEE
1 2 3 4 8
Input polarity is reversed when Gnd pin is used as an output. Ground-Referred Load
VEE Input polarity is reversed when Gnd pin is used as an output. Load Referred to Negative Supply
VCC Output Balance/Strobe Balance
+ -
7 6 5
VCC 2 VCC 2 Inputs 3 4 VEE Load Referred to Positive Supply Inputs 7 1 RL Output 8 3 VEE
(Top View) 8 1 RL Output
+ -
4 6
7
ORDERING INFORMATION
Device Package SO-8 SO-8 SO-8 SO-8 PDIP-8 Shipping 98 Units/Rail 2500 Tape & Reel 98 Units/Rail 2500 Tape & Reel 50 Units/Rail
+ -
TTL Strobe 1.0 k
LM211D LM211DR2 LM311D LM311DR2 LM311N
Strobe Capability
Figure 1. Typical Comparator Design Configurations
(c) Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2002
1
May, 2002 - Rev. 2
Publication Order Number: LM211/D
LM211, LM311
MAXIMUM RATINGS (TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
Rating Total Supply Voltage Output to Negative Supply Voltage Ground to Negative Supply Voltage Input Differential Voltage Input Voltage (Note 2) Voltage at Strobe Pin Power Dissipation and Thermal Characteristics Plastic DIP Derate Above TA = +25C Operating Ambient Temperature Range Operating Junction Temperature Storage Temperature Range Symbol VCC +VEE VO -VEE VEE VID Vin - PD RqJA TA TJ(max) Tstg -25 to +85 +150 -65 to +150 LM211 36 50 30 30 15 VCC to VCC-5 625 5.0 0 to +70 +150 -65 to +150 LM311 36 40 30 30 15 VCC to VCC-5 Unit Vdc Vdc Vdc Vdc Vdc Vdc mW mW/C C C C
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VCC = +15 V, VEE = -15 V, TA = 25C, unless otherwise noted [Note 1])
LM211 Characteristic Input Offset Voltage (Note 3) RS 50 kW, TA = +25C RS 50 kW, Tlow TA Thigh* Input Offset Current (Note 3) TA = +25C Tlow TA Thigh* Input Bias Current TA = +25C Tlow TA Thigh* Voltage Gain Response Time (Note 4) Saturation Voltage VID -5.0 mV, IO = 50 mA, TA = 25C VID -10 mV, IO = 50 mA, TA = 25C VCC 4.5 V, VEE = 0, Tlow TA Thigh* VID 66.0 mV, Isink 8.0 mA VID 610 mV, Isink 8.0 mA Strobe "On" Current (Note 5) Output Leakage Current VID 5.0 mV, VO= 35 V, TA = 25C, Istrobe= 3.0 mA VID 10 mV, VO= 35 V, TA = 25C, Istrobe= 3.0 mA VID 5.0 mV, VO= 35 V, Tlow TA Thigh* Input Voltage Range (Tlow TA Thigh*) Positive Supply Current Negative Supply Current VICR ICC IEE VOL - - - - IS - - - - -14.5 - - 0.75 - 0.23 - 3.0 0.2 - 0.1 -14.7 to 13.8 +2.4 -1.3 1.5 - 0.4 - - 10 - 0.5 +13.0 +6.0 -5.0 - - - - - - - - -14.5 - - - 0.75 - 0.23 3.0 - 0.2 - -14.7 to 13.8 +2.4 -1.3 - 1.5 - 0.4 - - 50 - +13.0 +7.5 -5.0 mA nA nA mA V mA mA Symbol VIO - - IIO IIB AV - - - - 40 - 0.7 - 1.7 - 45 - 200 200 3.0 4.0 10 20 100 150 - - - - - - - - 40 - 2.0 - 1.7 - 45 - 200 200 7.5 10 50 70 250 300 - - nA nA V/mV ns V Min Typ Max Min LM311 Typ Max Unit mV
* LM211: Tlow = -25C, Thigh = +85C LM311: Tlow = 0C, Thigh = +70C 1. Offset voltage, offset current and bias current specifications apply for a supply voltage range from a single 5.0 V supply up to 15 V supplies. 2. This rating applies for 15 V supplies. The positive input voltage limit is 30 V above the negative supply. The negative input voltage limit is equal to the negative supply voltage or 30 V below the positive supply, whichever is less. 3. The offset voltages and offset currents given are the maximum values required to drive the output within a volt of either supply with a 1.0 mA load. Thus, these parameters define an error band and take into account the "worst case" effects of voltage gain and input impedance. 4. The response time specified is for a 100 mV input step with 5.0 mV overdrive. 5. Do not short the strobe pin to ground; it should be current driven at 3.0 mA to 5.0 mA.
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LM211, LM311
8 5 6 1.3 k 300 300 3.7 k 1.3 k 100 3.7 k 300 250 900 600 2 Inputs 3 730 340 1.3 k 1.3 k 800 1 5.4 k 4 Gnd VEE 800 800 3.0 k 5.0 k 200 VCC
Balance Balance/Strobe
7
Output
Figure 2. Circuit Schematic
140 I IB , INPUT BIAS CURRENT (nA) 120 100 80 40 0 -55 Normal Pins 5 & 6 Tied to VCC
I IO , INPUT OFFSET CURRENT (nA)
VCC = +15 V VEE = -15 V
5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0 -55 Normal VCC = +15 V VEE = -15 V Pins 5 & 6 Tied to VCC
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
TA, TEMPERATURE (C)
TA, TEMPERATURE (C)
Figure 3. Input Bias Current versus Temperature
Figure 4. Input Offset Current versus Temperature
140 I IB , INPUT BIAS CURRENT (nA) 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 -16 -12 -8.0 -4.0 0 4.0
COMMON MODE LIMITS (V)
VCC = +15 V VEE = -15 V TA = +25C
VCC -0.5 -1.0 -1.5
Referred to Supply Voltages
0.4 0.2 VEE -55 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125
8.0
12
16
DIFFERENTIAL INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
TA, TEMPERATURE (C)
Figure 5. Input Bias Current versus Differential Input Voltage
Figure 6. Common Mode Limits versus Temperature
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LM211, LM311
VO , OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) VO , OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
+5.0 V
5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0 100 50 0
5.0 mV 20 mV
Vin +5.0 V 500 W VO
2.0 mV
* )
5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0 0 -50 -100
5.0 mV 2.0 mV 20 mV
Vin
* )
500 W VO
Vin ,INPUT VOLTAGE (mV)
0
0.1
0.2 0.3 0.4 tTLH, RESPONSE TIME (ms)
0.5
0.6
Vin ,INPUT VOLTAGE (mV)
VCC = +15 V VEE = -15 V TA = +25C
VCC = +15 V VEE = -15 V TA = +25C 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 tTHL, RESPONSE TIME (ms) 0.5 0.6
Figure 7. Response Time for Various Input Overdrives
Figure 8. Response Time for Various Input Overdrives
VO , OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
VO , OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Vin ,INPUT VOLTAGE (mV)
2.0 mV
Vin ,INPUT VOLTAGE (mV)
15 10 5.0 0 -5.0 -10 -15 0 -50
20 mV
5.0 mV
Vin
VCC
* )
VO 2.0 k
VEE
15 10 5.0 0 -5.0 -10 -15 100 50 0 0
VCC
5.0 mV 2.0 mV
Vin
* )
VEE
VO 2.0 k
20 mV VCC = +15 V VEE = -15 V TA = +25C 1.0 tTHL, RESPONSE TIME (ms) 2.0
-100 0 1.0 tTLH, RESPONSE TIME (ms)
VCC = +15 V VEE = -15 V TA = +25C 2.0
Figure 9. Response Time for Various Input Overdrives
Figure 10. Response Time for Various Input Overdrives
OUTPUT SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT (mA)
150 125 100 75 Power Dissipation
0.75 0.60 0.45
PD , POWER DISSIPATION (W) V , SATURATION VOLTAGE (V) OL
TA = +25C
0.90
0.90 0.75 0.60 0.45 0.30 0.15 0 0 8.0
TA = -55C
Short Circuit Current 50 25 0 0 5.0 10 0.30 0.15 0 15
TA = +25C TA = +125C 16 24 32 40 48 56
VO, OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
IO, OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
Figure 11. Output Short Circuit Current Characteristics and Power Dissipation
Figure 12. Output Saturation Voltage versus Output Current
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LM211, LM311
OUTPUT LEAKAGE CURRENT (mA) 100 POWER SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) VCC = +15 V VEE = -15 V 3.6 3.0 2.4 1.8 1.2 0.6 0 0 5.0 10 15 20 25 30 TA = +25C Positive Supply - Output Low
10
1.0
Output VO = +50 V (LM211 only)
Positive and Negative Power Supply - Output H igh
0.1
0.01 25
45
65
85
105
125
TA, TEMPERATURE (C)
VCC-VEE, POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 13. Output Leakage Current versus Temperature
Figure 14. Power Supply Current versus Supply Voltage
3.0 2.6 2.2 1.8 1.4 1.0 -55 Positive and Negative Supply - Output High VCC = +15 V VEE = -15 V
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
Postive Supply - Output Low
-25
0
25 50 75 TA, TEMPERATURE (C)
100
125
Figure 15. Power Supply Current versus Temperature
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
+15 V 3.0 k 33 k 0.1 mF 8 + 5.0 k C1 2 R1 C2 R2 3 0.002 6 mF 5 1 7 4.7 k Input Output 0.1 mF 8 + 5.0 k C1 5 1 7 82 3.0 k 4.7 k +15 V
Input
100 R1 C2 100 R2
3
6
LM311 4
LM311 2 1.0 M -15 V 510 k 4
Output
0.1 mF -15 V
0.1 mF
Figure 16. Improved Method of Adding Hysteresis Without Applying Positive Feedback to the Inputs http://onsemi.com
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Figure 17. Conventional Technique for Adding Hysteresis
LM211, LM311
TECHNIQUES FOR AVOIDING OSCILLATIONS IN COMPARATOR APPLICATIONS When a high speed comparator such as the LM211 is used with high speed input signals and low source impedances, the output response will normally be fast and stable, providing the power supplies have been bypassed (with 0.1 mF disc capacitors), and that the output signal is routed well away from the inputs (Pins 2 and 3) and also away from Pins 5 and 6. However, when the input signal is a voltage ramp or a slow sine wave, or if the signal source impedance is high (1.0 kW to 100 kW), the comparator may burst into oscillation near the crossing-point. This is due to the high gain and wide bandwidth of comparators like the LM211 series. To avoid oscillation or instability in such a usage, several precautions are recommended, as shown in Figure 16. The trim pins (Pins 5 and 6) act as unwanted auxiliary inputs. If these pins are not connected to a trim-pot, they should be shorted together. If they are connected to a trim-pot, a 0.01 mF capacitor (C1) between Pins 5 and 6 will minimize the susceptibility to AC coupling. A smaller capacitor is used if Pin 5 is used for positive feedback as in Figure 16. For the fastest response time, tie both balance pins to VCC. Certain sources will produce a cleaner comparator output waveform if a 100 pF to 1000 pF capacitor (C2) is connected directly across the input pins. When the signal source is applied through a resistive network, R1, it is usually advantageous to choose R2 of the same value, both for DC and for dynamic (AC) considerations. Carbon, tin-oxide, and metal-film resistors have all been used with good results in comparator input circuitry, but inductive wirewound resistors should be avoided. When comparator circuits use input resistors (e.g., summing resistors), their value and placement are particularly important. In all cases the body of the resistor should be close to the device or socket. In other words, there should be a very short lead length or printed-circuit foil run between comparator and resistor to radiate or pick up signals. The same applies to capacitors, pots, etc. For example, if R1 = 10 kW, as little as 5 inches of lead between the resistors and the input pins can result in oscillations that are very hard to dampen. Twisting these input leads tightly is the best alternative to placing resistors close to the comparator. Since feedback to almost any pin of a comparator can result in oscillation, the printed-circuit layout should be engineered thoughtfully. Preferably there should be a groundplane under the LM211 circuitry (e.g., one side of a double layer printed circuit board). Ground, positive supply or negative supply foil should extend between the output and the inputs to act as a guard. The foil connections for the inputs should be as small and compact as possible, and should be essentially surrounded by ground foil on all sides to guard against capacitive coupling from any fast high-level signals (such as the output). If Pins 5 and 6 are not used, they should be shorted together. If they are connected to a trim-pot, the trim-pot should be located no more than a few inches away from the LM211, and a 0.01 mF capacitor should be installed across Pins 5 and 6. If this capacitor cannot be used, a shielding printed-circuit foil may be advisable between Pins 6 and 7. The power supply bypass capacitors should be located within a couple inches of the LM211. A standard procedure is to add hysteresis to a comparator to prevent oscillation, and to avoid excessive noise on the output. In the circuit of Figure 17, the feedback resistor of 510 kW from the output to the positive input will cause about 3.0 mV of hysteresis. However, if R2 is larger than 100 W, such as 50 kW, it would not be practical to simply increase the value of the positive feedback resistor proportionally above 510 kW to maintain the same amount of hysteresis. When both inputs of the LM211 are connected to active signals, or if a high-impedance signal is driving the positive input of the LM211 so that positive feedback would be disruptive, the circuit of Figure 16 is ideal. The positive feedback is applied to Pin 5 (one of the offset adjustment pins). This will be sufficient to cause 1.0 mV to 2.0 mV hysteresis and sharp transitions with input triangle waves from a few Hz to hundreds of kHz. The positive-feedback signal across the 82 W resistor swings 240 mV below the positive supply. This signal is centered around the nominal voltage at Pin 5, so this feedback does not add to the offset voltage of the comparator. As much as 8.0 mV of offset voltage can be trimmed out, using the 5.0 kW pot and 3.0 kW resistor as shown.
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LM211, LM311
VEE VCC = +15 V Balance Adjust Balance Input Inputs 3.0 k Inputs 5.0 k + LM311 VEE VEE = -15 V VCC Gnd 10 k Gnd Output to CMOS Logic VEE + LM311 VCC1 VCC Output Balance/Strobe 2N2222 or Q1 Equivalent 1.0 k TTL Strobe *D1 *Zener Diode D1 protects the comparator from inductive kickback and voltage transients on the VCC2 supply line. VCC2
Figure 18. Zero-Crossing Detector Driving CMOS Logic
Figure 19. Relay Driver with Strobe Capability
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LM211, LM311
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
PDIP-8 N SUFFIX CASE 626-05 ISSUE L
NOTES: 1. DIMENSION L TO CENTER OF LEAD WHEN FORMED PARALLEL. 2. PACKAGE CONTOUR OPTIONAL (ROUND OR SQUARE CORNERS). 3. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. DIM A B C D F G H J K L M N MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 9.40 10.16 6.10 6.60 3.94 4.45 0.38 0.51 1.02 1.78 2.54 BSC 0.76 1.27 0.20 0.30 2.92 3.43 7.62 BSC --10_ 0.76 1.01 INCHES MIN MAX 0.370 0.400 0.240 0.260 0.155 0.175 0.015 0.020 0.040 0.070 0.100 BSC 0.030 0.050 0.008 0.012 0.115 0.135 0.300 BSC --10_ 0.030 0.040
8
5
-B-
1 4
F
NOTE 2
-A- L
C -T-
SEATING PLANE
J N D K
M
M TA
M
H
G 0.13 (0.005) B
M
SO-8 D SUFFIX CASE 751-07 ISSUE W
-X- A
8 5 NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER. 3. DIMENSION A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD PROTRUSION. 4. MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.15 (0.006) PER SIDE. 5. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.127 (0.005) TOTAL IN EXCESS OF THE D DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION. DIM A B C D G H J K M N S MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 4.80 5.00 3.80 4.00 1.35 1.75 0.33 0.51 1.27 BSC 0.10 0.25 0.19 0.25 0.40 1.27 0_ 8_ 0.25 0.50 5.80 6.20 INCHES MIN MAX 0.189 0.197 0.150 0.157 0.053 0.069 0.013 0.020 0.050 BSC 0.004 0.010 0.007 0.010 0.016 0.050 0_ 8_ 0.010 0.020 0.228 0.244
B
1 4
S
0.25 (0.010)
M
Y
M
-Y- G C -Z- H D 0.25 (0.010)
M SEATING PLANE
K
N
X 45 _
0.10 (0.004)
M
J
ZY
S
X
S
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LM211, LM311
Notes
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LM211, LM311
Notes
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LM211, LM311
Notes
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LM211, LM311
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LM211/D

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